Windows XP FAQs

From the Windows 2000 and .Net Magazine mailing list



Rename Multiple Files in One Fell Swoop

What's a "Fell Swoop" anyhow? I think it has something to do with birds of prey. Have you ever wanted to rename a bunch of files at the same time? Maybe you've collected a bunch of pictures under different names and you want to give them a common name related to a project you're working on. Check this out:

  1. Open the Windows Explorer and find the directory (folder) containing the files you want to rename. All the files you want to rename have to be in the same folder.
  2. Click on the first file. Then hold down the CTRL key and click on the other files you want to rename. If you want to rename all the files in the folder, press CTRL and then press the A key while still holding down the CTRL key (the shorthand for this key sequence is CTRL+A).
  3. Now that the files are selected, click the File menu and then click the Rename command. Type in the new name of the file. Note that it will appear as if you're just changing the name for a single file. Don't worry about it. Just rename the file and press [ENTER].

All the files are renamed. The first one has the name you typed, and subsequent files have (1), (2), etc. after the name.

 


Q. How can I close Windows Messenger without the program reminding me that it's still running?

A. The Windows Messenger component typically runs as a background process, but it runs as a foreground process while you're communicating with a contact. After you close the foreground application, Windows Messenger continues to run as a background process (so people can initiate contact with you), an icon remains in the notification area, and an information balloon informs you that the program is still running.

If you select the "Click here to not show this reminder again" check box, Windows Messenger won't display the information balloon the next time you close the foreground application. You might want to make this setting the default action (or create a custom policy to do so), in which case you need to know how the registry stores the setting. To modify the registry subkey so that Windows Messenger doesn't notify you that the program is still running, perform the following steps:

1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).

2. Navigate to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\MessengerService subkey.

3. Double-click the DSBkgndMode binary value.

4. To turn off the Windows Messenger information-balloon notification, set the value to 00 00 00 00

To turn on the Windows Messenger information-balloon notification, set the value to 01 00 00 00

5. Click OK.

6. Close the registry editor.

The change takes effect immediately.


Q. How can I use Windows XP's standard Help and Support to get information about my computer?

A. XP's Help and Support module, which you can access at the root of the Start menu, provides basic information about your machine, including

- machine model and BIOS version

- OS build and service pack

- memory

- processor

- disk

- system name and domain

- proxy and network

To access this information, perform the following steps:

1. Start the Help and Support module (go to Start and click "Help and Support", or type helpctr.exe from the Run dialog box or command prompt).

2. Under the "Pick a task" section, click the "Use Tools to view your computer information and diagnose problems" link.

3. From the left-hand pane under the Tools section, select "My Computer Information."

4. From the right-hand pane, select "View general information about this computer."

XP will display a progress bar that shows the system information the OS is collecting and will then display the system information.


Q. How can I copy disk quotas from one volume to another?

A. The NTFS version that Microsoft supplies with Windows 2000 and later OSs lets you assign user quotas so that an administrator can restrict the amount of space users can access on a per-volume basis. Although you can set global quotas for all users, you can also drill down and assign individual user quotas. Because these per-user quotas can take a long time to configure, you might prefer to export the quotas from one disk to a different volume (e.g., if your system has multiple disks, you might want to configure the same quotas on many disks).

To export quotas from a volume, perform the following steps:

1. Start Windows Explorer.

2. Right-click the volume containing the user quotas that you want to copy to another volume, then select Properties from the context menu.

3. Select the Quota tab.

4. Click Quota Entries.

5. From the Quota menu, select Export.

6. Enter a filename for the export file, then click Save.

7. Close the Quota dialog box.

To import the quota information, perform the following steps:

1. Start Windows Explorer.

2. Right-click the volume to which you want to import the user quotas, then select Properties from the context menu.

3. Select the Quota tab.

4. Click Quota Entries.

5. From the Quota menu, select Import.

6. Select the exported file and click Open.

7. For any quotas that already exist, the OS will ask you whether you want to replace the existing file and whether you want to perform this action on all conflicts.

8. Close the Quota dialog box.


Q. Why can't I administer my Windows .NET Server (Win.NET Server) and Windows 2000 domain from a Windows 9x client?

A. Both Win.NET Server and Win2K provide an adminpak.msi Windows Installer file that contains the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) snap-ins for administering Win.NET Server and Win2K servers for deployment on a Windows XP or Win2K client machine. Although you can download the MMC framework from http://support.microsoft.com/support/mmc/mmcdown.asp for execution on Win9x clients, the adminpak.msi file won't run on Win9x systems and Microsoft has no plans to enable this support. The only option is to enable Win2K Server Terminal Services on the server and create a client session to the server.


Q: How can I force Windows XP to re-apply a custom policy every time a user logons on?

A. Custom policies (also known as preferences) consist of custom .adm files. You typically apply these custom policies when you first create them and when you modify them. As a result of modification, the cached list of Group Policy Objects (GPOs) eventually doesn't match the current list. Therefore, if a user succeeds in changing the settings that the custom policy invokes (e.g., using Desktop settings, Control Panel), XP won't reapply that custom policy the next time the user logs on. However, you can configure the OS to reapply the custom policy every time a user logs on or a machine starts by performing the following steps:

1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).

2. Navigate to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\GPExtensions\<GUID of the policy> subkey.

3. Double-click the NoGPOListChanges value (or create this value of type DWORD if it's missing), set the value to 0, and click OK.

4. Close the registry editor.

Setting the value back to 1 tells the OS that it doesn't need to call the callback function to reload the policy when no change occurs (the default behavior).

This registry change has the same effect as setting the "Process even if the Group Policy objects have not changed" option in the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) Computer Configuration snap-in under the Administrative Templates, System, Group Policy section.

 


Q. How can I activate the Filmstrip view for my Windows XP folder?

A. XP includes a new type of view for folders that contain graphics files (e.g., .gif, .jpeg, .tif). This Filmstrip view displays a large version of the selected picture in the top right-hand pane of Windows Explorer and a smaller version of all pictures in the folder in the bottom right-hand pane. To activate this view, you must configure the folder as either a Pictures type or Photo Album type by performing the following steps:

1. Right-click the folder and select Properties from the context menu.

2. Select the Customize tab.

3. Under "Use this folder type as a template", select either Photo Album or Pictures and click OK.

4. From the Windows Explorer View menu, select Filmstrip to view the pictures from within the selected folder.


Q. How can I use Windows XP's Fast User Switching to switch among users?

A. When you enable XP's Fast User Switching, you can switch among users without having to close any users' open programs. To switch users, you can

- press the Windows key and L simultaneously

- press Ctrl+Alt+Del, click Shut Down, then select Switch User

- select "Log off" from the Start menu, then select Switch User from the displayed dialog box

All of the above options will take you back to the Welcome screen, where you can log on as another user.


Q. How can I display the local Administrator account on the Windows XP Welcome screen?

A. XP doesn't display the Administrator account on the Welcome screen by default. However, you can add this account by performing the following steps:

1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).

2. Navigate to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows

NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\SpecialAccounts\UserList subkey.

3. From the Edit menu, select New, DWORD Value.

4. Enter Administrator as the subkey name, then press Enter.

5. Double-click the new value, set it to 1, and click OK.

6. Close the registry editor.

The Administrator account will now appear on the Welcome screen. You can use these same steps to control which other accounts appear on the Welcome screen. Set the registry account value to 1 to display an account or 0 to hide an account. For example, to hide the account for user John, add a value named "john" to the registry subkey identified in Step 2 and set the value to 0.


Q. How can I start the System Restore Tool from the Windows XP command prompt?

A. The System Restore Tool is useful for restoring your system to an earlier state. However, you can't start the System Restore Tool from the Recovery Console, and you might be unable to boot your machine as usual or access the System Restore Tool in Safe mode. To access the System Restore Tool in these situations, perform the following steps to modify the Windows Explorer shell to use the old Program Manager (progman.exe) shell from Windows NT 3.51:

1. Start the computer in Safe Mode with Command Prompt.

2. Log on as an administrator.

3. At the command prompt, type regedit to open a registry editor.

4. Navigate to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon subkey.

5. Modify the Shell entry to "progman.exe" (don't type the quotes), then press Enter.

6. Close the registry editor.

7. At the command prompt, type shutdown -r to reboot the machine.

8. After the system reboots, log on as an administrator; the Program Manager shell will start.

9. From the File menu, select Run and enter c:\windows\system32\restore\rstrui.exe to start the System Restore Tool.

10. Restore the system as usual. You won't need to set the shell back to Windows Explorer because the act of restoring the system state to an earlier point will accomplish this task.


Q. How can I force Windows XP to reapply a custom policy every time a user logs on?

A. Custom policies (also known as preferences) consist of custom .adm files. You typically apply these custom policies when you first create them and when you modify them. As a result of modification, the cached list of Group Policy Objects--GPOs--doesn't match the current list. Therefore, if a user succeeds in changing the settings that the custom policy invokes (e.g., using Desktop settings, Control Panel), XP won't reapply that custom policy the next time the user logs on. However, you can configure the OS to reapply the custom policy every time a user logs on or a machine starts by performing the following steps:

1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).

2. Navigate to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows

NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\GPExtensions\<GUID of the policy> subkey.

3. Double-click the NoGPOListChanges value (or create this value of type DWORD if it's missing), set the value to 0, and click OK.

4. Close the registry editor.

Setting the value back to 1 tells the OS that it doesn't need to call the callback function to reload the policy when no change occurs (the default behavior). This registry change has the same effect as setting the "Process even if the Group Policy objects have not changed" option in the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) Computer Configuration snap-in under the Administrative Templates, System, Group Policy section.


Q. How can I ensure that Microsoft Outlook 2002 or Outlook 2000 will overwrite information I've deleted from my personal folder store (PST) and offline folder store (OST) when I close my mailbox?

A. Outlook usually removes deleted data from the PST and OST when you close the application. To ensure that Outlook overwrites all deleted data when you close your mailbox, perform the following steps:

1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).

2. Navigate to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\10.0\Outlook\PST subkey for Outlook 2002 or to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\9.0\Outlook\PST subkey for Outlook 2000 (you might need to create the PST subkey if it doesn't exist).

3. From the Edit menu, select New, DWORD Value.

4. Enter a name of PSTNullFreeOnClose, then press Enter.

5. Double-click the new entry, set the value to 1 (0 is the default setting) to instruct Outlook to remove the deleted data every time you close the application, then click OK.

6. Close the registry editor.


Q. How can I ascertain which machine a user is using?

A. To identify which machine a particular user is using, you can run a series of commands (and even create a script to automate this process) by performing the following steps:

1. Open a command prompt--go to Start, Run, and type cmd.exe

2. Type

nbtstat -R

to purge and reload the remote cache name table.

3. Type net send <username> . to send the user a period (.) for a message.

4. Type nbtstat -c to list the cache of recently used names and IP addresses, so you can identify the entry for the user you're communicating with.

5. Type nbtstat -A <IP address identified in step 4> to equate the user's IP address to the machine name.

For example, to locate a user named Kevin, I performed the following series of commands and received the indicated responses:

C:\>nbtstat -R

Successful purge and preload of the NBT Remote Cache Name Table.

C:\>net send kevin .

The message was successfully sent to KEVIN.

C:\>nbtstat -c

Local Area Connection:

Node IpAddress: [200.200.200.5] Scope Id: []

NetBIOS Remote Cache Name Table

Name Type Host Address Life [sec]

------------------------------------------------------------

KEVIN <03> UNIQUE 200.200.200.3 597

C:\>nbtstat -A 200.200.200.3

Local Area Connection:

Node IpAddress: [200.200.200.5] Scope Id: []

NetBIOS Remote Machine Name Table

Name Type Status

WORKST2 <00> UNIQUE Registered

SAVILLTECH <00> GROUP Registered

WORKST2 <03> UNIQUE Registered

WORKST2 <20> UNIQUE Registered

SAVILLTECH <1E> GROUP Registered

WORKST2 <6A> UNIQUE Registered

WORKST2 <87> UNIQUE Registered

KEVIN <03> UNIQUE Registered

MAC Address = 00-08-C3-8F-0D-83

From this information, I discovered that Kevin is using machine WORKST2 at IP address 200.200.200.3.


Q. How can I recover a deleted dynamic NTFS or FAT32 volume in Windows XP or Windows 2000?

A. When you delete a dynamic volume, the OS erases the volume's file-system boot sector (sector 0) and removes the volume entry from the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) Disk Management snap-in private region database. However, as part of this process, the OS leaves the rest of the drive intact, including the data. Both FAT32 and NTFS store a backup copy of the boot sector. You can copy this boot sector back to sector 0 and restore the volume as long as you know the original volume size.

To recover an NTFS volume, perform the following steps:

1. Open the Disk Management snap-in (go to Start, Programs, Administrative Tools, Computer Management, and select Storage).

2. Recreate the original volume by right-clicking the unpartitioned space and selecting New Partition from the context menu; specify the exact size of the original volume in the process, but don't format the volume (you must know the original volume size to recreate the volume because the Disk Management snap-in rounds partition sizes).

3. Use dskprobe.exe to recover the backup boot sector for the NTFS volume from the end of the deleted dynamic volume (because you're restoring a dynamic volume, you might need to use dmdiag.exe to find the backup boot sector). See the Microsoft article "Recovering NTFS boot sector on NTFS partitions" ( http://support.microsoft.com/directory/article.asp?id=kb;en-us;q153973 )

for an explanation of how to copy the boot sector.

4. After you rewrite the NTFS boot sector, quit Dskprobe.

5. Go to the MMC Computer Management console Action menu and click Rescan Disks to mount the volume for immediate use.

To recover a FAT32 volume, perform the following steps:

1. Open the Disk Management snap-in (go to Start, Programs, Administrative Tools, Computer Management, and select Storage).

2. Recreate the original volume by right-clicking the unpartitioned space and selecting New Partition from the context menu; specify the exact size of the original volume in the process, but don't format the volume (you must know the original volume size to recreate the volume because the Disk Management snap-in rounds partition sizes).

3. Use dskprobe.exe to recover the backup boot sector for the deleted dynamic FAT32 volume from sector 6 of the logical volume and write it to sector 0 of the logical volume. See the Microsoft article "Chkdsk Does Not Use Backup Boot Sector to Fix Corrupted FAT32 Boot Sector"

( http://support.microsoft.com/directory/article.asp?id=kb;en-us;q247575 ) for an explanation of how to copy the boot sector.

4. After you rewrite the FAT32 boot sector, quit Dskprobe.

5. Go to the Computer Management console Action menu and click Rescan Disks to mount the volume for immediate use.


Q. Why can't the Windows 2000 version of Windows Explorer display files or folders that have a path longer than 259 characters?

A. A bug in the Win2K version of Windows Explorer and the search feature prevent the OS from displaying files or folders in paths longer than 259 characters. This bug affects only searches you perform on your local system; it doesn't affect users who connect over a network. To work around this problem, you can take any of the following steps:

- From a command prompt session, use the 8.3 file-naming convention to access files or folders.

- Use the Net Use command to create a network path to your local drive.

- Use the Subst command to create a new drive letter to a point in the path. For example, subst g: d:\path\path2\path3


Q. How can I improve the video-viewing performance on my laptop?

A. Video playback performance is very CPU intensive. As a result, if you run other applications while attempting to view video on your laptop, you might significantly degrade the playback performance. Although this concern isn't specific to laptops, other components, such as power management, also affect laptop video playback performance. For example, some power-management technologies, such as Intel's Intel SpeedStep technology and AMD's AMD PowerNow! Technology, can affect the processor speed.

For Windows 2000, use the applet or configuration utility that the system vendor provided to select a setting that doesn't permit the processor speed to change during video playback. Likewise, if running the laptop CPU at a low speed compromises video playback performance, select a higher CPU speed.

For Windows XP, ensure that you've set the power scheme to Always On by performing the following steps:

1. Start the Control Panel Power Options applet (go to Start, Settings, Control Panel, and click Power Options).

2. Select the Power Schemes tab.

3. Select Always On from the drop-down list.

4. Click OK.

After you finish viewing your video, I suggest that you adjust the power mode or processor mode to a lower setting to preserve battery life.


Q. How can I create a TaskPad in a Windows XP Microsoft Management Console (MMC) console?

A. You can add snap-ins to an MMC console and even create a TaskPad to the console so that you can add commonly used actions and commands to a bar in the console. To create a TaskPad, perform the following steps:

1. Start the MMC console (go to Start, Run, and type MMC to open a blank console).

2. From the File menu, click Add/Remove Snap-in to add the snap-ins you want to use (if you've already created an .msc file, right-click the file and select Author from the context menu to open the file in Author mode).

3. From the Action menu, select New TaskPad View.

4. Click Next to bypass the welcome wizard introduction screen.

5. Select the style you want to use for the TaskPad display, then click Next to display a preview of the TaskPad.

6. Decide whether the TaskPad will apply to just the tree structure or to all instances of the tree structure, then click Next.

7. Name the TaskPad, then click Next. A Finished dialog box will appear at the end of the wizard. The dialog box gives you the option of running the new task wizard and adding tasks to your new blank TaskPad.

8. Ensure that you've selected the "Run new task wizard" check box, then click Finish.

9. When the new task wizard opens, click Next to bypass the introduction page.

10. Select the type of task you want to add (you can add a link to a context menu option, a command execution, a Web site, or quick navigation to a Favorite), then click Next.

11. Enter the options for your choice, then click Next.

12. Click Finish (you can optionally select the "Another task" check box to add another task).

13. Save your console.


Q. How can I use Windows XP's schtasks.exe tool under Windows 2000?

A. The XP schtasks.exe command-line tool is great for managing scheduled tasks. Win2K doesn't have an equivalent command-line tool. If you attempt to run schtasks.exe on a Win2K machine, you'll receive an error message indicating that you're using the incorrect OS version. However, you can modify the tool so that it will run under Win2K by performing the following steps:
1. Open schtasks.exe in a hexadecimal editor, such as BreakPoint Software's Hex Workshop 3.1 ( http://www.bpsoft.com/downloads ).
2. Find code location CB2A and change the hex value 75 to EB.
3. Save the file and exit the editor.

For cosmetic purposes, you can use Visual C++ (VC++) or a resource editor, such as Angus Johnson's Resource Hacker ( http://www.rpi.net.au/~ajohnson/resourcehacker ), to change the error message

ERROR: The Target system must be running Windows XP or above.
to
ERROR: The Target system must be running Windows 2000 or above.

This error message is located in String Table 344. Thanks to John Eccles for this information.

 



Q. How can I restrict user access to the Control Panel Internet Options applet in Windows XP and Windows 2000 or to the Control Panel Internet Tools applet in Windows NT without using policies?

A. If you use NTFS, you can use the file system's built-in permissions to restrict access to the Internet Options applet or Internet Tools applet by performing the following steps:
1. Start Windows Explorer.
2. Navigate to \%systemroot%\system32 (e.g., c:\windows\system32).
3. Right-click inetcpl.cpl and select Properties from the context menu.
4. Select the Security tab.
5. Adjust the user and group permissions as appropriate, and ensure that the SYSTEM group has Full Control.

You can also use the standard command-line permissions utility Cacls.exe to set these permissions. However, be aware that when you use either method to restrict access, another administrator will have a difficult time determining the permissions you've set. Therefore, using policies is the preferred method for restricting access.

 


Q. How can I disable multiuser editing in Microsoft Office XP's word
processor, Microsoft Word 2002?

A. The multiuser-editing feature of Office XP's version of Word lets you open a locked file, edit the file locally, and merge your changes into the original document. To disable this feature, perform the following steps:
1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).
2. Navigate to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\10.0\Word\Options subkey.
3. From the Edit menu, select New, DWORD Value.
4. Enter a name of NoPromptToForkDocuments and press Enter.
5. Double-click the new value, set it to 1 to disable multiuser editing, and click OK.
 


Q. How can I disable the search assistant in Microsoft Internet
Explorer (IE) 6.0?

A. IE 6.0 contains a new search tool that Microsoft designed to provide a friendlier, easier search experience. However, if you prefer the old search tool, perform the following steps:
1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).
2. Navigate to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Internet Explorer\Main subkey.
3. Double-click the Use Search Asst value (or create this value of type String if it doesn't exist).
4. Type no in the "Value data" field to use the old search tool, and click OK.
5. Close the registry editor.
 


Q. How can I disable the Windows Explorer search assistant in Windows XP?

A. Windows Explorer contains a new search assistant that Microsoft designed to provide a friendlier, easier search experience. The new search tool lets you search for specific file types (e.g., multimedia files, document files), computers, and more. If you prefer the old search tool, perform the following steps:
1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).
2. Navigate to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\CabinetState subkey.
3. From the Edit menu, select New, String Value.
4. Enter a name of Use Search Asst.
5. Double-click the new value, type no in the "Value data" field to use the old search tool, and click OK.
6. Close the registry editor.

 


Q. How can I enter an OEMPnPDriversPath value longer than 256 characters in the Windows 2000 unattend.txt file?

A. By default, Win2K limits the OEMPnPDriversPath value in the unattend.txt file to 256 characters, which can prevent the OS from automatically installing some drivers. To work around this limitation, you can modify the .inf file that stores the default paths for drivers and manually add extra paths by performing the following steps:
1. Open the hivesft.inf file on the Win2K distribution server.
2. Search for the line HKLM,"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion","DevicePath",0x00020002,"%SystemRoot%\inf"
3. Append the extra paths to this line, separating each path by a semicolon (;). For example, to add the paths C:\drivers\gui, C:\drivers\usb, C:\drivers\keyboard, and C:\drivers\audio, change the line to read HKLM,"SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion","DevicePath",0x00020002,"%SystemRoot%\inf";c:\drivers\gui;c:\drivers\usb;c:\drivers\keyboard;c:\drivers\audio
4. Save the hivesft.inf file.

 


Q. How can I uninstall then reinstall Microsoft NetMeeting under Windows 2000?

A. Win2K will run only NetMeeting 3.0, which is the version that ships with the OS. Newer versions (e.g., NetMeeting 3.0 Service Pack 2--SP2) simply won't install on Win2K, and earlier versions (e.g., NetMeeting 2.x) can cause audio and visual problems or can appear as uninstalled in the Control Panel Add/Remove Programs applet.

If you've tried to install one of these other versions, you can restore the original NetMeeting 3.0 functionality by performing the following steps:
1. Copy the msnetmtg.inf file from \%systemroot%\inf (e.g., c:\windows\inf) to a safe location.
2. From the command prompt, type \%systemroot%\system32\rundll32.exe setupapi,InstallHinfSection NetMtg.Remove 132 msnetmtg.inf to uninstall the current version of NetMeeting.
3. To reinstall NetMeeting 3.0, right-click the msnetmtg.inf file you copied in Step 1 and select Install from the context menu (you might need to insert the Win2K CD-ROM to complete the installation).
4. Restart your computer.
 


Q. How can I modify the installation credential settings in Windows 2000?

A. An administrator can lock down a system to prevent a user from installing new software, or the administrator can configure the system so that the user can provide credentials to allow the installation to continue. To modify the installation credential settings for one machine, perform the following steps:
1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).
2. Navigate to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer subkey.
3. Double-click the NoRunasInstallPrompt value; set it to 1 to disable credentials or 0 to allow credentials.
4. Click OK.

To modify the installation credential settings for network installations, perform the following steps:
1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).
2. Navigate to the HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\Explorer subkey.
3. Double-click the PromptRunasInstalNetPath value; set it to 1 to disable credentials or 0 to allow credentials.
4. Click OK.
 


Q. Why does my machine shut down slowly after I enable the "Clear Virtual Memory Pagefile When System Shuts Down" setting?

A. In a previous FAQ ( http://www.windows2000faq.com/articles/index.cfm?articleid=14765 ), I explained how to configure the system to clear the pagefile at shutdown
for security purposes. When you enable the setting to clear the pagefile, your machine will take longer to shut down (depending on the size of the pagefile and on the disk subsystem performance) because the
shutdown process must physically write to each page in the pagefile to clear the page.
 


Q. How can I replace the Microsoft Outlook Web Access (OWA) logo in the upper left corner of OWA in Microsoft Exchange 2000 Server?

A. To replace the standard image, save your new image as logo-ie5.gif in the \%programfiles%\exchsrvr\exchweb\img folder on the server. The
new image needs to have dimensions of 138 pixels by 48 pixels.
 


Q. What is the Windows XP Automatic Update?

A. The Automatic Update in XP replaces the Critical Update Notification utility in Windows 2000, which notified users when software updates were available on the Microsoft Web site. Automatic Update takes the next step and lets the system automatically download the updates and prepare them for installation at the convenience of the user.

To access the Automatic Update settings, go to the Control Panel System applet and select the Automatic Updates tab. The tab provides three options:
- "Download the updates automatically and notify me when they are ready to be installed"--This option instructs Automatic Update to periodically check the Windows Update site and download crucial updates in the background when the Internet connection is idle. After download, an Automatic Update icon will appear in the notification area at the bottom of the screen. The user can then get details about the downloaded updates, choose to be reminded about the updates later (from 3 minutes to 3 days later), or choose to install the updates.
- "Notify me before downloading any updates and notify me again before installing them on my computer"--This option works similarly to the Critical Update Notification in Win2K and instructs Automatic Update to notify the user when a crucial update is available so that the user can select which updates Automatic Update should download.
- "Turn off automatic updating. I want to update my computer manually"--This option disables Automatic Update and lets the user manually check http://windowsupdate.microsoft.com for updates. Even when the user selects this option to disable Automatic Update, the service (wuaserv) still runs.
 


Q. How can I configure which icons Windows XP displays in the notification area at the bottom of the screen?

A. XP lets you configure which notification icons appear on screen and whether XP hides an icon when its process is idle. To configure the display notification settings, perform the following steps:
1. Right-click the taskbar and select Properties from the context menu.
2. Select the "Hide inactive icons" check box.
3. Click the Customize button.
4. Select the appropriate display behavior (i.e., "Hide when inactive," "Always hide," "Always show") for the icon you want to modify.
5. Repeat Step 4 for each icon whose behavior you want to modify, then click OK to close all dialog boxes.

 


Q. How can I resume a Microsoft Transfer Manager session?

A. Microsoft has adopted the Microsoft Transfer Manager, a mechanism for downloading files from various Microsoft Web sites (e.g., beta software Web sites, the Microsoft Developer Network--MSDN--subscriber Web site). The Microsoft Transfer Manager application automatically installs and executes on the local computer the first time you download a file from a supported Web site.

The Microsoft Transfer Manager offers enhanced security and zero corruption, and lets you pause a download at any time or resume the download at a later time. However, when you resume a file download, you might have trouble determining how to restart the Microsoft Transfer Manager application.

Typically, the Web sites that support Microsoft Transfer Manager include a "Re-launch the File Transfer Manager" link. Alternatively, because the application resides in the \%systemroot%\downloaded program files folder, you can start transfermgr.exe to resume the file download. To ensure that you can quickly resume a file transfer, you can open Microsoft Transfer Manager, select Options, and select the "Place application shortcut on the desktop" check box.

 




Q. What is the kernel version of Windows .NET Server (Win.NET Server) and Windows XP?

A. Microsoft named previous versions of Windows after the kernel version (e.g., the Windows NT 4.0 kernel version is 4.0). With Windows 2000, Microsoft changed the naming scheme so that the OS name no longer matches the kernel version; however, the company maintained the numbering order for the kernel version (e.g., the Win2K kernel version is 5.0).

Because XP included only minor core changes, its kernel version is 5.1. Win.NET Server takes this numbering scheme one step further with a kernel version of 5.2. To determine the kernel version, use a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe) to view the CurrentVersion registry value at the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\CurrentVersion subkey.

 


Q. How can I determine which version of NTFS I'm using?

A. Different versions of Windows have included different NTFS drivers and performed automatic updates (I remember needing to have an updated ntfs.sys file for Windows NT 4.0 on my Windows 2000 dual-boot system). Win2K and later Windows versions include the Fsutil command, which lets you perform actions and queries against your file system.

To determine the version of an NTFS volume, type

fsutil fsinfo ntfsinfo <volume>:

at the command prompt. For example, when I type this command, the following records appear on screen:

NTFS Volume Serial Number : 0xa87006e47006b958
Version : 3.1
Number Sectors : 0x00000000061a7926
Total Clusters : 0x0000000000c34f24
Free Clusters : 0x0000000000adad78
Total Reserved : 0x0000000000000000
Bytes Per Sector : 512
Bytes Per Cluster : 4096
Bytes Per FileRecord Segment : 1024
Clusters Per FileRecord Segment : 0
Mft Valid Data Length : 0x0000000002ce4400
Mft Start Lcn : 0x00000000000c0000
Mft2 Start Lcn : 0x000000000061a792
Mft Zone Start : 0x00000000000ffca0
Mft Zone End : 0x00000000001011e0

By reviewing these records, we can see that my computer is running NTFS version 3.1 (the Windows XP version). By default, Win2K provides NTFS version 3.0 and NT 4.0 provides NTFS version 1.2.
 


Q. How can I check and set a volume's dirty status in Windows XP?

A. The XP version of Fsutil lets you query and set a volume's dirty flag. This flag signals that the volume has experienced a problem and requires that you run Chkdsk to identify and fix the problem (e.g., shutting down Windows suddenly can sometimes cause the OS to set the dirty flag).

To query a volume's current state, type

fsutil dirty query <volume>:

at the command prompt. The result will be either

- Volume - <volume>: is Dirty
- Volume - <volume>: is NOT Dirty

To set the status of a volume's dirty flag, type

fsutil dirty set <volume>:

at the command prompt. Use this command with care: XP won't ask you to confirm this action, and you can't use this command to set the dirty flag's status to clean.
 


Q. I have licenses available on the Windows 2000 Server Terminal Services License server, but when I try to connect, I receive an error message stating my 90-day trial period has ended. What can I do?

A. The error message you're seeing is the result of a temporary license that Microsoft issued before you activated the Terminal Services License server. Because you didn't remove this temporary license, it expired after the 90-day trial period.

To resolve this error, perform the following steps to delete the license subkey from the registry:
1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).
2. Navigate to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\MSLicensing\Store subkey.
3. Locate the LICENSE000 or LICENSE00n (e.g., LICENSE001, LICENSE002) entry.
4. Right-click this subkey, select Export from the context menu, and follow the prompts until you've successfully backed up the subkey.
5. Delete the subkey by pressing the Del key.
6. Close the registry editor.

If you experience any problems after performing the previous steps, you can restore the subkey value by double-clicking the exported registry file.
 


Q. Why does an Active Directory (AD)-integrated DNS server take longer to start than a typical zone-based DNS server?

A. Windows 2000 and later OSs can store DNS information in AD if the DNS server is a domain controller (DC). Alternatively, the OS can store DNS information on a standard primary zone-based DNS server, which is file based.

When the DNS service starts, it loads all zone information into a memory cache, regardless of whether the OS maintains the DNS information in AD or in a file. DNS information stored in a standard primary zone (i.e., read from a zone file) will load faster than information stored in an AD-integrated zone because the integrated zone must read all its records from AD. This difference in performance is simply an effect of reading information from different media (file versus AD).


Q. Why do I receive the error message "You may not remove the local logon right from the Administrators local group" when I edit user rights?

A. Before Microsoft developed the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in, administrators used the User Manager for Domains tool to manage user accounts. You might still have a need to administer a Windows NT 4.0 domain from Windows 2000 or NT 4.0 clients, which can lead to problems when you try to add or remove user accounts from the "Grant To" list in the User Rights Policy dialog box and result in the following error message:

You may not remove the local logon right from the Administrators local group. Doing so will disable all local administration of this computer.

This error can result from the following conditions:

- A Win2K Professional installation is running the NT 4.0 Administration Tools. Win2K machines must run the Win2K Administration Tools (i.e., adminpak.msi) that come with Win2K Server.

- The "Grant To" list you're attempting to modify contains a deleted user or group. To resolve this problem, you must log on to the PDC of the NT 4.0 domain and use the local User Manager for Domains tool to remove the deleted account or group from the "Grant To" list.


Q. Why does my Windows XP client receive an error message when it connects to a Windows 2000 Server Terminal Services server?

A. The Microsoft Clearinghouse, which authorizes Terminal Services License servers, has made a change to the certificates that the Clearinghouse provides to terminal servers that can result in the following error message when an XP client attempts to connect to the Win2K Terminal Services server:

Because of a security error, the client could not connect to the terminal server. After making sure that you are logged on to the network, try connecting to the server again.

XP clients have a built-in Client Access License (CAL) for accessing Win2K Terminal Services servers. To resolve the error, you need to delete the XP Terminal Services License information from the registry and modify the Certificate types on the Win2K Terminal Services server. On the Win2K Terminal Services server, perform the following

steps:

1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).

2. Navigate to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\TermService\Parameters subkey.

3. Delete the Certificate, X 509 Certificate, and X 509 Certificate ID values.

4. Close the registry editor, then restart the server.

On the XP client, perform the following steps:

1. Start a registry editor (e.g., regedit.exe).

2. Navigate to the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft subkey.

3. Delete the MSLicensing subkey.

4. Close the registry editor.

5. Connect to the terminal server.

If performing these steps doesn't resolve your problem, you need to contact the Microsoft Clearinghouse to deactivate and reactivate your Win2K Terminal Services License server.


Q. Why does the Windows boot process hang on a blank screen when I press the Esc key?

A. During the Windows boot process, you can press the F5 key to specify Safe mode or the F8 key to specify boot options. Both keys have 3-byte key-codes, of which the first byte is the same as the Esc key. As a result, if you press Esc, Windows detects this byte and waits for another 2 bytes (but the key buffer is now empty because Esc is only 1 byte). To remedy this situation, press another key to fill the buffer with extra bytes and let Windows continue to boot.


Q. How can I install specific applications from the Windows .NET Server (Win.NET Server) and Windows 2000 Administration Tools pack?

A. Microsoft supplies the Win.NET Server and Win2K Administration Tools pack as one Windows Installer file (i.e., adminpak.msi). Executing the Windows Installer file installs the whole toolset to your machine. To install individual tools, perform the following

steps:

1. Open the command prompt by going to Start, Run and typing

cmd.exe

2. Navigate to the folder that contains adminpak.msi.

3. Type

msiexec /i adminpak.msi ADDLOCAL=<Short code for the tool> /qb

For example, type

msiexec /i adminpak.msi ADDLOCAL=FeADTools /qb

for the Active Directory (AD) tools.

4. Close the command-prompt session.

The full list of short codes is

Abbreviation Tool

************ **********************

FeADTools Active Directory Tools

FeCERTConsole Certification Authority

FeClusterConsole Cluster Administrator

FeCMAKConsole Connection Manager Administration Kit

FeDHCPConsole DHCP

FeDFSConsole Distributed File System

FeDNSConsole DNS

FeIASConsole Internet Authentication Service

FeIISConsole Internet Services Manager

FeACSConsole QoS Admission Control

FeRSConsole Remote Storage

FeRRASConsole RRAS

FeTAPIConsole Telephony

FeTSClientConsole Terminal Services Client

FeTSMgrConsole Terminal Services Tools

FeWINSConsole WINS


Q. How can I link my Windows XP user account to my Microsoft .NET Passport?

A. You can now save information about your .NET Passport within your XP user account. Many Microsoft and third-party Web sites use .NET Passport to confirm user credentials and enable extra services (you can find information and apply at <http://www.passport.com> ).

If your computer is part of a domain, you can integrate your .NET Passport with your XP account by performing the following steps:

1. Start the Microsoft Management Console (MMC) User Accounts Control Panel snap-in (go to Start, Settings, Control Panel, and click User Accounts).

2. Select the Advanced tab.

3. Under the "Passwords and .NET Passports" section, click the .NET Passport Wizard button.

4. When the .NET Passport Wizard starts, follow the onscreen prompts to enter your .NET Passport details.

If your computer isn't part of a domain but is part of a workgroup, perform the following steps:

1. Start the User Accounts Control Panel snap-in (go to Start, Settings, Control Panel, and click User Accounts).

2. If you're an administrator, select your user account from the list (you can't change other users' .NET Passport options); otherwise, XP will select your account automatically and you can skip this step.

3. Under the "What do you want to change about your account?" section, select "Set up my account to use a .NET Passport."

4. When the .NET Passport Wizard starts, follow the onscreen prompts to enter your .NET Passport details.


 

 


Somorita home page | Exchange FAQs | The Book Store (recommended reading) | 24Seven Books
Downloads & Tools | Links to kewl sites & freebies | News | Technical/Networking Resources
Fun stuff | Services | About Somorita Surfboards